Suicide is the one of the leading causes of death in the new world. The World Health Organization worldwide initiative for the prevention of suicide reported that there are at least 20 suicide attempts for every suicide committed.
We hear every day from different sources that people are committing suicides of all ages and we guess that reasons from our own perspective. To prevent people committing suicides it is the responsibility of society in general to know the reasons and prevention to curb the suicidal attempt form our neighborhood.
Suicide is the one of the leading causes of death in the new world. The World Health Organization worldwide initiative for the prevention of suicide reported that there are at least 20 suicide attempts for every suicide committed. Brain neuroimaging studies showed prefrontal localized hypofunction and impaired serotonergic responsivity in those attempting suicide, which are also typical findings in patients with depression. Postmortem studies have reported that approximately 60% of suicide victims suffered from major depressive disorder and other mood disorders. Family studies have suggested a genetic linkage between suicide and depression. In conclusion, suicide and suicidal behaviors are significantly associated with depression. Suicide is a medical condition which is treatable and preventable, and suicide rates can be reduced through early diagnosis and treatment for depression. Regular surveys for suicide and depression an essential tool for establishing a national policy for suicide prevention.
Depression is defined as a condition that decreases mood, loss of motivation or interest, feelings of guilt or worthlessness, sleep disorders, loss of appetite, energy, and concentration, according to the World Health Organization depression may include mild depression.
Depressive disorder defines a clinical condition in which there is no control of mood control as mood disorders, and includes four diseases: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, dysfunction, and mood circulation disorder. All mood disorders are characterized by being able to indicate the period of depression. Suicide wants death on its own and dies through fatal action.
Suicide behavior can be divided into suicidal thoughts, planning, and prayer. Suicidal thoughts are serious thoughts about suicide, suicide plans are specific plans for suicide, and suicide attempts can be fatal for this purpose Can be defined as prayer. Self-harm is different from suicidal prayer, and it is an intentional act that does not have suicidal intention and directly damages body tissue. However, even if a serious suicide attempt is made, it is often necessary to deny suicide intentions immediately afterwards. Therefore, even if the intention is denied, it is regarded as a suicide attempt in a fatal case (e.g. fighting, hanging, etc.) that can cause danger to life.
The World Health Organization emphasized that suicide rates can be lowered through treatment and prevention of depression, alcohol and substance abuse, and future treatment and management of suicide victims. Suicide Behavior and Suicide According to the World Health Organization, 20 suicide attempts have been reported to result in one suicide. Therefore, suicide attempts are one of the main risk factors for suicide. After the thought and planning of suicide, the first suicide prayer occurs and the suicide prayer is repeated, eventually leading to death. In some cases, a suicide attempt is made immediately without a plan, or the first suicide attempt leads to suicide. It is important for suicide prevention to find suicide victims early and avoid suicide.
The fact that suicide prayer is higher in women than in men is the same phenomenon worldwide, but actual suicide deaths are higher in men. It was found that the risk of experiencing major depressive disorder throughout life was higher in the case of a suicide attempt than in the general population, which was 6.5 times higher in one suicide attempt and 7.9 times higher in two or more suicide attempts.
The biggest cause of both the planned suicide group and the impulsive suicide group was family conflict. Next, economic problems, separation and divorce, and illness were followed.
However, since there were more than half of mental problems such as depression before catalytic factors, it is thought that there would be a limit to preventing suicide attempts by avoiding catalytic factors alone. Biological associations between suicide and depression According to the National Institute of Mental Health, mental illness, including depression, is an important risk factor for suicide, and more than 90% of suicides indicate this. It states that “suicide or suicidal behavior is not a normal response to stress”. Suicide is associated with a change in the chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitter, including serotonin, and it is said that a decrease in serotonin is observed in the brains of depression, impulse control disorders, suicide attempters, and suicide death.
Brain imaging studies Suicide attempters have mental illness, but the function of serotonin in the brain is reduced compared to those without suicide attempts.
Post-mortem studies in post-mortem studies of suicidal deaths, about 60% of them reported major depression or other mood disorders.
Family Studies According to the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression, a large prospective study of depression in the United States, the use of mood disorders or drugs such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder among other families in the event that a family member died of suicide. It is said that the likelihood of having a disability increases and depression is more likely to start at a younger age.
In a study of medical students, the risk of suicidal prayer over a lifetime was reported to increase by 4.5 times in the case of emotional abuse by parents in childhood. Emotional abuse of parents does not have a cold and emotional interaction with the child, which can occur when parents experience depression, alcoholism, etc.
The World Health Organization emphasized that the suicide rate can be lowered through treatment and prevention of depression, alcohol and substance abuse, and future treatment and management of suicide victims. To detect and treat depression early, a multidisciplinary approach is needed that includes not only the medical system, but also the community mental health center, school, and workplace. In addition, to establish a policy to reduce the suicide rate, regular surveys of suicide and depression are also needed. At the same time, it is said that there is a need for systematic improvement to make use of the existing data collected.